What is tigemonam?
Tigemonam is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the monobactam class of antibiotics. It is used to treat various bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections and respiratory tract infections. Tigemonam works by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria by blocking the formation of their cell walls.
What are the characteristics of tigemonam?
Tigemonam's characteristics include being resistant to most beta-lactamases, having a low potential for allergic reactions, and being primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. It is commonly used to treat serious infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin caused by susceptible bacteria.
The development history and mechanism of action of Tigemonam?
Tigemonam was first developed by the Japanese pharmaceutical company, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (now Astellas Pharma Inc.) in the 1980s and was approved for use in Japan in 1990.
The mechanism of action of Tigemonam involves binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in bacterial cells, which interferes with the bacterial cell wall synthesis and ultimately leads to bacterial cell death.
Tigemonam is not widely marketed or available in many countries, but some of the most well-known brand names for Tigemonam include Zeftera, Thienam, and Tiginor.
The advantage of tigemonam compared with other antibiotics?
One advantage of tigemonam compared with other antibiotics is that it is highly resistant to the beta-lactamase enzymes that some bacteria produce to break down and inactivate other types of antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. This makes tigemonam effective against a wider range of bacterial infections caused by beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Tigemonam also has a relatively low risk of causing allergic reactions compared with some other antibiotics.
The disadvantage of tigemonam compared with other antibiotics?
One disadvantage of tigemonam compared with other antibiotics is that it has a relatively narrow spectrum of activity, meaning that it is effective against only certain types of bacteria. It is not effective against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Tigemonam also has limited availability and is not as widely prescribed as some other antibiotics. Additionally, like all antibiotics, tigemonam can cause side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, and allergic reactions in some people.
What are the main intermediates during the synthesis of tigemonam?
The main intermediates during the synthesis of tigemonam are
(1) 3-[(dimethylamino)methylene]-2-methyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-one
(2) 3-[(dimethylamino)methylene]-2-oxo-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
(3) (2S,5R)-3-amino-6-((R)-2-(aminophenyl)-2-oxoacetamido)-2,5-dimethylhexanoic acid (4) tigemonam.
How to synthesize the best Tigemonam?
To synthesize the best Tigemonam, researchers would need to optimize the reaction conditions and carefully control various parameters such as temperature, pH, reactant concentrations, and reaction time to achieve high yields and purity. Additionally, purification steps such as chromatography or recrystallization may be necessary to remove impurities and obtain a highly pure form of Tigemonam.
Also, to choose the best intermediates is important for synthesizing the best Tigemonam.
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